Cities in Ancient Greece
Class 25 – SeHyun Kim (David)
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. Definition of “City” in Ancient Greece.
III. How did the “City” develop?
A. Society forms of “Cities”
B. Industry of “Cities”
IV. “Cities” in Ancient Greece – <Iliad>
A. Definition of the “City” at the era.
B. Greece vs. Troy.
V. “Cities” in Ancient Greece – <The Histories>
A. List of cities in Ancient Greece at the time.
B. Major Part (Persian War)
VI. Comparisons of cities between two books, two eras.
A. Power
B. Structure
C. Trades
VII. Effect that “Cities” gave to the history
VII. Compare with nowadays’ cities.
VIII. Conclusion
IX. References.
A. Primary Sources.
B. Secondary Sources.
I. Introduction
A long ago, when there were no concept of “Kingdom” yet, there was a “City”, instead of a one complete country. Ancient Greece, the golden age of the “Cities”, has the most of the history of Cities. In fact, Ancient Greece was only a union of various cities. Usually, we call the “cities” as “Polis” or “City-State”.
Now, I’m going to compare and contrast cities in different terms, which introduced in books: <The Histories> by Herodotus and <Iliad> by Homer.
II. Definition of “City” in Ancient Greece.
“Cities” or “City-States” stands for the Independent community which had a power to maintain their own freedom and political system. They had their own economic market, and also different social forms.
If you see the word “City-State”, we can divide the word into two small words, cities and states. The concept of city-states is kind of similar to now’s country. There is a bigger area, state. And the middle of the state, there is a city, which plays a role of capital nowadays. Every law and decision was made in the area of city, not the state. In addition, only people in the city had a right to elect. It means, people outside the city had no political rights. Metaphorically, we can compare the form of city and state as a colony. State belongs to the city, and all of the decisions are coming from the city.
III. How did the “City” develop?
A. Society forms of cities.
In <Iliad>, Troy appears as a major city which can affect to the region. For example, even though the Greece was a union of various cities, Troy was able to resist against the big army. And the typical city-state of the era: Troy was monarchy. (1)
However, in <The Histories>, Athens and Sparta was the strongest city-states at the region, especially during and after the Persian war. (2) Anyway, interestingly, both Athens and Sparta developed “Democracy.” Athens, they decided policy or picked representative by election (But not for women), and also Sparta, attained completed equality.
However, in <The Histories>, Athens and Sparta was the strongest city-states at the region, especially during and after the Persian war. (2) Anyway, interestingly, both Athens and Sparta developed “Democracy.” Athens, they decided policy or picked representative by election (But not for women), and also Sparta, attained completed equality.
Therefore, we can see that the forms of society in city-states highly developed, and also became complicated.
B. Industry of cities.
In the ancient Greece, as much as various kinds of cities, every city’s industrial system was also different. Main industry of Troy was “Rearing Horses” (3)
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